Online Game Addiction Essay Example for Free

Online Game Addiction Essay Online game addiction is no longer just a worry of an American-chubby-child’s mother, but the worry of many parents in Cambodia and other less affluent countries. Recently, more teenage Cambodians were addicted to online games, in order to satisfy their fantasy of being heroes or warriors. Cambodian teens would rather eat less or even skip meals just to save money for the online games. Other than spending money, they also wasted their time. According to Chheng Roth Donior, a Cambodian teen, he normally spends three to five hours a day in internet cafes, even under the threat of his mother. It might have sounded strange to you, since Cambodia is not a wealthy country and most of the urban teens do not have internet at home, and why would they be addicted to online games? One of the reasons is more and more internet cafes have opened up, and Web access is growing rapidly these years. Another reason would be the teenagers in fact do not know they’re addicted to the online games or its harmful effects. The consequence of online game addiction could be serious, for example, last year in South Korea, a man died after playing online games for five days straight. For sure, the teenagers would waste all their money and time on those internet cafes. They would have less incentive to work or study since the satisfaction gained from the games is far more than those they could gain in their daily lives. It would also harm the gamers’ health (e. g. with poorer eyesight and less exercise) and would lower their face to face communication skills. Later, they may not be able to distinguish between the reality and the created world. Teenagers are the future of the country, measures must be taken as soon as possible to curb the addiction. First, promotion from the government is very crucial. The teenagers may not understand the harmful effects of online game addictions, government should advertise the harmful effect and possible consequences through mass media, i. e. TV advertisements, news paper, radio etc. Posters should also posted in school, streets and especially the internet cafes, just like a warning note must also included on the package of cigarettes. For why the teenagers would addict to online games, is that they could gain a sense of satisfaction by beating down their created enemies. Therefore, the teachers and parents of the teenagers should help them build their confidence, like giving them chances to develop their talents. For example, school can provide more Extra-curriculum activities for them afterschool. They should also help the teenagers to identify their dreams and targets, assuring them that nothing is impossible and encourage them to fight for their dreams through talks and lessons. Then they would not stick to the computer screens, instead, they would work very hard on their dreams. On their ways towards their goals, parents and teachers should give supports and advice to them. Third, government should set up clinics to help the gamers overcome their internet addictions, just like what China and South Korea did. The clinics should provide counseling and information about online game addiction, this could help those people who had already addicted to online games. Lastly, education is always the last resort of most problems. Schools and parents have the responsibility in teaching the teens about the harmful effects of online game addiction. They should educate the students or their children starting from their childhood. Schools can hold more talks on the issue in order to make sure that they receive related information. If we do not cope with the problem as soon as possible, the situation would become more complicated and serious. The solutions I suggested above would definitely help dealing with the problem, and I hope the situation would be improved soon.

Essay --

Morgan Phelps Phelps 1 Mr. Pickett Period 3 March 14, 2014 Many people don’t realize that women have never been fully respected and taken serious. Women all around have never been treated equal or given the same responsibilities as men because of their gender. Women in this country and many others, have not been given the right to vote. They have never been fully respected in the workplace by their co-workers or employers. Women have not always been given the freedom in their professional choices.They again have never been free to be who they want to be in life.There is all kinds of things that women can not do because of their gender but things are slowly changing for the better. Unlike most men, women have not always been given the opportunity to vote. Before the 1920’s women were not allowed to vote (www.history.com). Rarely did you ever see women who had a job.The average daily life of a women would consist of cooking, cleaning and taking care of the kids. They had no say in anything and did what their husbands told them to do. It was not only like this in the United States, but other Phelps 2 places, like Canada and New Zealand (teacher.scholastic.com). Women lived like this until a group of women wanted a change. There was one women who went above and beyond to get equality for all women. This women was Susan B. Anthony. She was raised in a Quaker family (believed in equal rights for men and women) and supported the women’s rights movement. She did everything in her power to grant equality. Anthony casts ballots and even came up with a Declaration of Rights for Women (World Book, Women’s Rights to Vote). She was devote... ...gh they did the same amount of work as the men. There is still some of that in today’s society but women are standing up for equal pay and slowly gaining it. They were also told they could not be whatever they wanted to be just because of their gender. They also said that they were not qualified enough, only men could do that job. Women have stepped up and gotten the job they have always wanted. There is still inequality but the world is Phelps 7 realizing that women and men are all equal and discrimination is not the answer. Women have truly changed our world and our lives forever. www.biography.com www.brainyquote.com www.history.com www.huffingtonpost.com www.scholastic.com www.summer.harvard.com teacher.scholastic.com www.wgea.gov.eu Women’s Right to Vote, World Book www.ourdocuments.com

The Role of Technology in Quality Education

THE ROLE OF TECHNOLOGY IN QUALITY EDUCATION Dr. R. Sivakumar Assistant Professor Department of Education Annamalai University Introduction Quality education is a universal goal. It is common to hear arguments that instructional technology will be the key to educational quality as we enter the new millennium. Investment in educational technology is urged upon policy-makers as the path to educational quality.In fact, enthusiasts for educational technology argue that quality has and will continue to increase rapidly, creating a â€Å"new educational culture† Whatever problems exist are seen as ones which can be handled through better administrative and technological planning – that is, technology believers perceive no intrinsic obstacles to total quality assurance using information technology in higher education. Other voices question educational technology as a panacea.The problems associated with technology in the college classroom in terms of issues such as poorly funct ioning equipment, over-promotion of technology-based learning to students, and lack of quality in courses delivered by technology. Educational technology who say students choosing online courses are not getting the education they pay for, and question whether universities should be providing such instruction.The American Federation of Teachers and other faculty organizations have also raised serious cautions about web-based education and have even gone on strike over it. Technology in Quality Education In response to growing criticism of the recent, rapid, unregulated growth of distance education, a number of recognized higher education organizations have formulated quality standards and guidelines. The principles have been endorsed by a number of higher education governing and policymaking bodies in the world, as well as by the regional accrediting community.The core assumption of these guidelines is that, â€Å"The institution's programs holding specialized accreditation meet the same requirements when offered electronically. † Since these guidelines are a widely-accepted definition of â€Å"quality† as applied to online education, they are quoted below: * Each program of study results in learning outcomes appropriate to the rigor and breadth of the degree or certificate awarded. * An electronically offered degree or certificate program is coherent and complete. The program provides for appropriate real-time or delayed interaction between faculty and students and among students. * Qualified faculty provides appropriate oversight of the program electronically offered. * The program is consistent with the institution's role and mission. * Review and approval processes ensure the appropriateness of the technology being used to meet the program's objectives. * The program provides faculty support services specifically related to teaching via an electronic system. The program provides training for faculty who teach via the use of technology. * The p rogram ensures that appropriate learning resources are available to students. * The program provides students with clear, complete, and timely information on the curriculum, course and degree requirements, nature of faculty/student interaction, assumptions about technological competence and skills, technical equipment requirements, availability of academic support services and financial aid resources, and costs and payment policies. Enrolled students have reasonable and adequate access to the range of student services appropriate to support their learning. * Accepted students have the background, knowledge, and technical skills needed to undertake the program. * Advertising, recruiting, and admissions materials clearly and accurately represent the program and the services available. * Policies for faculty evaluation include appropriate consideration of teaching and scholarly activities related to electronically offered programs. The institution demonstrates a commitment to ongoing s upport, both financial and technical, and to continuation of the program for a period sufficient to enable students to complete a degree/certificate. * The institution evaluates the program's educational effectiveness, including assessments of student learning outcomes, student retention, and student and faculty satisfaction. Students have access to such program evaluation data. * The institution provides for assessment and documentation of student achievement in each course and at completion of the program.Empowerment in Online Education Technology enthusiasts believe online methods will liberate learning from the confines of the lecture hall, but it can be difficult to reconcile distance education with empowerment of students and faculty. One common tactic where empowerment is a goal of distance education at all is to keep guidelines-from-on-high to a minimum and to rely on local autonomy. Recent position, quality assurance in distance education, however, have noted with dismay th e drift toward standards imposed from above. Remote learning† would simply lead to students staying at home in front of computer keyboards instead of being taught in a school environment. â€Å"This is way out of touch with the expectations of parents who want their children to develop both socially with other students and educationally under the guidance of qualified teachers†. Online Education and Community The â€Å"community of scholars† was central to the traditional concept of higher education.The thrust of online education advocacy is to broaden the concept of community in non-traditional ways, particularly through partnership with or even contracting out to the business community. Educational institutions in all advanced countries encounter strong incentives for private sector partnering since the high costs of multimedia-rich online curricula are often beyond what a single local college can afford. In the traditional â€Å"community of scholars† t he student was mentored as an apprentice and eventually became a co-investigator in research and creative activity.Advocates of online education argue that this notion of academic community will be enhanced through the wonders of technology. Online education is frequently the province of the campus adult education unit, not the academic departments. Often instructor participation is an overload, potentially seducing faculty away from research. Administrators seek to use online education â€Å"to increase academic productivity† and, as discussed elsewhere in this essay, seek cost savings in an atmosphere unfavorable to the research function.Moreover, most institutions have found that online education is intrinsically very demanding of valuable faculty time, which can also take away from research. On the student side, the social distance inherent in online education seems to make students want clear, precise, objectives-oriented curricula which may represent a narrowing of educ ation, and may make them unlikely candidates for collegial work on faculty research projects. The reality of online education is that it favors a transition from traditional notions of academic community toward a much narrower, transactions-based model.Online Education and Learning Autonomy Online education faces the paradox that it is best undertaken by students with strong autonomous learning skills, yet at the same time the disconnectedness of students from teachers seems correlated with insistent student demands for clearly structured learning assignments and schedules. Students frequently feel the need for ongoing communication with their instructor. A commonly expressed student need is that for very clearly and explicitly articulated course learning objectives.That is, online pedagogy seems more associated with â€Å"cyber distance† than with â€Å"virtual community,† and students quickly become motivated to seek to overcome cyber distance through increased cours e structure, reducing learning autonomy. Online education is part of a cost reduction effort, requiring human resources to be stretched to cover more credit hours, faculty resignation to the training mentality of outcome-based evaluation is all but assured except, of course, in environments which do not even bother to attempt to enforce quality assurance standards. Online Education and Critical ThinkingOnline education can handle instruction-to-facts more easily; drill-and-practice is the forte of computer methods. Ironically, in contrast, traditional education with its supposedly uncreative lecture hall methods has prided itself in its ability to inculcate critical thinking skills. Distance education administrators are aware that critical thinking of online methods. Therefore it is not unusual to find that quality assurance standards for online education make reference to student thinking skills, independent learning skills, teamwork and communication skills, and other aspects of c ritical thinking.Moreover, intelligent-agent and workgroup collaboration software often are targeted directly at encouraging critical thinking skills. Critical thinking can be inculcated using technology such as cyber mentoring and video theater. A love-hate relationship exists between online education and critical thinking skill development. Writing assignments are thought to help develop critical thinking and while online methods can enhance collaborative writing, in general online courses are associated with less writing, not more.Socratic discussion with faculty is also thought to inculcate critical thinking, but while online methods in theory could enhance discussion, in reality online courses are associated with far less instructor-oriented discussion. Critical thinking is also thought to be associated with problem-solving going beyond computational mechanics to consideration of complex causal and value systems, but while intelligent tutoring software does exist, the open-ende dness of creating problem-solving together with the asynchronous nature of most online education mean that in practice online courses rarely develop the problem-solving approach.Online Education and Educational Quality In comparing computer-mediated distance education with traditional face-to-face teaching experiences, while distance education increases access to education, one may well find decreases in instructional quality brought about by increased faculty workload, problems of adapting to technology, difficulties with online course management, and related obstacles. By focusing on instruction to learning objectives, as with traditional instruction-to-test approaches, test performance standards are usually met by online courses.Although tested output of electronic education is often on a par with conventional teaching, this does not mean educational quality is unaffected however. Many observers find in typical online education offerings a substantial narrowing of the concept of education to the detriment of students. One of the recurring problems of computer-mediated education is that it is programmed around concrete learning objectives. Conclusion Many educational technology writers, in fact, explicitly argue that quality education using computer methods must be built on a foundation of clearly-defined competency-based curricular objectives.Online education is now arousing academic resistance. The emergence of a two-tier educational system – a more expensive upper tier with sound traditional education supplemented with the benefits of full online access, and a cheaper inferior tier dispensing programmed training which meets objectives far narrower than the traditional goals of liberal education. References Barnard, John (1997). The World Wide Web and higher education: The promise of virtual universities and online libraries. Educational Technology, Vol. 37, No. 3 (May-June): 30-35. Special issue: Web-Based Learning. Bergeron, Bryan P. (1996).Compet ency as a paradigm for technology-enabled instruction and evaluation, Journal of Instruction Delivery Systems, 10(2): 22-24. Hillesheim, Gwen (1998). The search for quality standards in distance learning, In Distance Learning '98, Proceedings of the Annual Conference on Distance Teaching and Learning, (14th, Madison, WI, August 5-7, 1998). Pakkiff, Rena M. and Keith Pratt (1999). Building learning communities in cyberspace: Effective strategies for the online classroom. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass Roth, Brenda F. and Denisha Sanders (1996). Instructional technology to enhance teaching. New Directions for Higher Education, 94: 21-32.

Thermite Reaction - Instructions and Chemistry

Ethical Issues in Denistry - 1657 Words

Just like all other healthcare professionals, dentists have responsibilities to their patients, employers, associations and, most important, to their own personal integrity. It is so serious that the dentist be prepared to make sound decisions and actions based on ethical concerns for each patient. Dentists, also face a number of ethical issues related to the treatment of their patients. Some issues are clearly medical, involving the treatment of the patient. Other issues are related to the management of a dentist’s practice, such as employment, corporate sponsorship and advertising. Dentists know that healthy teeth are not always attractive. A patient may have perfectly healthy teeth that, through discoloration or a lack of alignment,†¦show more content†¦A dentist cannot limit the scheduled times for treating HIV-positive patients, such as insisting that an HIV-positive patient come in at the end of the day. According to (Hasegawa 2001, p. 118), â€Å"even if a dentist does not have a patient’s actual HIV test result, there is still a legal obligation to protect confidential HIV-related patient information under the HIPPA Rule.† When it comes to patient abandonment a dentist may dismiss a patient or terminate the dentist-patient relationship for a reasonable cause. There are requirements by the SBDE Rule 108.5 regarding Patient Abandonment that must be followed. According to (Humphris, G. 2003, p. 701), â€Å"the dentist must take steps to protect the dental health of the patient by completing any dental procedures that may be in progress prior to terminating the dentist-patient relationship. The dentist must also remain available for emergency services for at least thirty (30) days after notice of termination is served upon the patient.† As healthcare professionals, dentists assume openly and take on responsibilities founded on the principle of non-maleficence - first do no harm. Some of the many characteristics of being an ethical dental professional are presented in the American College of Dentists Core Values. Autonomy: Patients have the right to determine what should be done with their own bodies. Because patients are moral entities they

Everything That Rises Must Converge By Flannery O Connor

Flannery O’Connor, an American writer in the 1950’s and 60’s, often wrote in a Southern- Gothic style and frequently examined questions of morality and ethics. This style is evident in the short story â€Å"Everything That Rises Must Converge† which takes place in the 1960s in the midst of the American civil rights movement. The ideas of inter-generational conflict and transforming social mores play out against the backdrop of racial desegregation in the South. O’Connor is able to convey the tensions that emerged after integration as well as conflicting mindsets through symbolism, irony, and point of view. Symbolism is used to emphasize the convergence of the races during the civil rights movement as well as highlight the tension between conflicting mindsets. The first symbol is the hat that is worn by both Julian’s mother, Ms. Chestny, and Carver’s mother. The hat symbolizes the racial culture transformation after integration. Since both Julian’s mother, a white woman, and Carver’s mother, an African American woman, wear the same hat, it emphasizes the fact that both races now have an equal foothold in society. Julian even realizes that fate is trying to teach his mother a lesson about equality: â€Å"The vision of the two hats, identical, broke upon him with the radiance of a brilliant sunrise. His face was suddenly lit with joy. He could not believe that Fate had thrust upon his mother such a lesson† (8). In the past, the segregation of the races would have put Julian’s mother inShow MoreRelatedEverything That Rises Must Converge By Flanner y O Connor1944 Words   |  8 PagesEnglish 101 December 8, 2014 â€Å"Convergence† Flannery O Connor s short story Everything that Rises Must Converge finds the change in structure between a mother and an adolescent in the midst of a period in history when white quality was to an incredible degree, going to pieces. To scratch-off being completely separate from generations, the idea of discrimination divides the more youthful eras from those of the more seasoned eras. In this connection, O Connor offers us what is fundamentally a methodologyRead MoreEverything That Rises Must Converge By Flannery O Connor1583 Words   |  7 PagesIn Flannery O’ Connor’s, â€Å"Everything That Rises Must Converge†, Julian’s resentment towards his mother becomes the cause of his own self-revelation. In a selfish attempt to teach his racist mother a lesson in morality, Julian does not sit with her on an integrated bus because It is his fantasy that she will be forced to sit next to an African American person. His wish comes true when an African American woman and her son get on the bus and take a seat next to each of them. However, contrary toRead MoreStereotypes in Everything that Rises Must Converge by Flannery O’ Connor2466 Words   |  10 Pagesequal and must converge together as a unity of equality. Every person has his or her own different mind perspective on stereotyping; that can lead him or her to major consequences or moral lessons. Stereotyping has blinded many people from facing reality and realizing that we are all-equal, and have fought for that equality right. But there are some who won’t accept that change and want to keep things the way they used to be, until they finally realize it with a consequence. Author Flannery O’ ConnorRead MoreAnalysis Of `` Everything That Rises Must Converge By Flannery O Connor1479 Words   |  6 PagesSophie Halavy English 2—Prof. Sosner 6 May 2015 Self-Awareness in â€Å"Everything That Rises Must Converge† Flannery O’Connor’s short story â€Å"Everything That Rises Must Converge† emphasizes the hostility and racial discrimination that white southerners exhibited towards African Americans as a result of integration during the 1960’s. This short story focuses not only on the white American’s living in poverty, but also accentuates the ways in which two people born in different generations react to racialRead MoreAnalysis Of Everything That Rises Must Converge By Flannery O Connor981 Words   |  4 Pagesdynamics in the south during the late 1960’s is a theme represented through the entirety of â€Å"Everything that Rises Must Converge†. The foremost areas of this can be seen through evaluating the changing social classes, generational difference on cultural views and acceptance, and significance of the penny in relation to slavery and desegregation in the story. Of the major themes in â€Å"Everything That Rises Must Converge† the social concerns of the 1960’s â€Å"particularly the disorder of the modern world andRead MoreSummary Of Everything That Rises Must Converge By Flannery O Connor2544 Words   |  11 PagesErin Comerford 30 November 2012 Final Paper ENAM 3880-103 Julian’s Mother as a Post-Segregation South In Flannery O’Connor’s story â€Å"Everything That Rises Must Converge,† O’Connor presents readers with an interesting pair: a young man, Julian, and his mother. Because the story is narrated in a closed third person over Julian, readers are immediately distanced from the mother. O’Connor uses Julian as a critic, scrutinizing his mother from his educated heights; through Julian’s eyes, readers see aRead MoreThe Freak in Everything That Rises Must Converge by Flannery O ´connor555 Words   |  3 Pages Flannery O’Connor once said, â€Å"†¦It is when the freak can be sensed as a figure for our essential displacement that he attains some depth in literature.† With this, O’Connor correctly uses the freak to symbolize her reoccurring theme of a grotesque viewpoint on the world, and such symbolism is used prominently in two of her short stories, ‘Everything That Rises Must Converge† and â€Å"Good Country People.† Within both stories, the freak awakens both the characters in the stories, and, in fact, the readerRead MoreAnalysis Of `` Everything That Rises Must Converge By Flannery O Connor1620 Words   |  7 PagesThe character of Julian in Flannery O’Connor’s â€Å"Everything That Rises Must Converge† is one that evokes conflicting emotions in readers. On an immediate judgment, it would be easy to view Julian as someone who is pretentious and narcissistic. Throughout the course of the piece, he is presented as being constantly bored and disgusted with those around him, because he believes he is more highly educated. Based on his presentation in the text, it is easy to think that Julian is using his advanced educationRead MoreFlannery O Connor s Everything That Rises Must Converge Essay1142 Words   |  5 PagesThe story that i’ve decided to do my literature essay on is Flannery O’Connor’s â€Å"Everything That Rises Must Converge†. The story starts off with a son, a recent college graduate who currently sells typewriters, escorting his mom on the bus to her exercise classes. Throughout the whole story it gives many hints towards the son, Julian’s irritation of his mother. The mother would brag about how her grandfather owned slaves at a plantation, and would speak out loud to other strangers how she was gladRead MoreA Good Man Is Hard For Find And Everything That Rises Must Converge By Flannery O Connor3294 Words   |  14 PagesFlannery O’Connor, u ndoubtedly one of the most well-read authors of the early 20th Century, had many strong themes deeply embedded within all her writings. Two of her most prominent and poignant themes were Christianity and racism. By analyzing, â€Å"A Good Man is Hard to Find† and â€Å"Everything that Rises Must Converge,† these two themes jump out at the reader. Growing up in the mid-1920’s in Georgia was a huge influence on O’Connor. Less than a decade before her birth, Georgia was much different than

Business Experience Project for Broadband- myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theBusiness Experience Project for National Broadband. Answer: Introduction/ Synopsis of the Case study The purpose of the current case study is to analyse the issues that are encountered by the National Broadband Network (NBN) Co. This is one of the major organizations in Australia that controls the wholesale market for the open-access data network and wired data network that deals with both wireless radio and wired forms of communication. The business organization was established in the year 2009 with the aim of development of the high speed communication technology. The main purpose of the network is to remove the barriers of communication. One of the main objectives of the organisation is to ensure that all the people in Australia are able to access high speed Internet service, which will help in the development of technological infrastructure of the society. One of the major issue and period that are encountered by people of Australia to access high speed Internet it is due to high cost involved in setting up the infrastructure. With wireless mode of communication it is possible f or NBN to reduce the cost of broadband Access for common people. In order to fulfil the mission NBN has set up the infrastructure that has allowed wholesale open access for the broadband network. This Access can be used by all local networks to improve the bandwidth speed. The Retail service providers are responsible for distributing user end Internet connectivity. This will help in the telecommunication field of Australia. It is also possible to generate a business environment of healthy competition in the telecommunication market. The customer in the market will also get the opportunity to choose from a wide variety of broadband network. The comment of Australia has also published statement of expectation, which is a supplement to change the mandate of the policy. The ownership of NBN is among the Commonwealth of Australia which is a public sector organisation controlled by government policies. This is incorporated under the policy of Corporations act 2001. The operation is also controlled by Performance and Accountability Act 2013 (Alizadeh 2013). The purpose of the NBN services to provide high Internet connectivity for both commercial and domestic purpose. As per the commitment of the organisation it is supposed to provide an Internet speed of 25 megabytes per second. The organisation is also planning to double the speed 90% of their existing areas. This is believed to unleash the technological potential that is possible due to Government support. The partnership of various retail sector units has made the Internet connectivity reaches out to various remote areas. The current case study is him to highlight up on the issues that are encountered by the national broadband network. In spite of the effective business plan of NBN, the organisation has failed to produce direct demand in the Retail Industry of broadband network. Hence, it is not possible for the customers to directly access the internet connectivity at lower price, which is one of the major aims of NBN. This case study will highlight up on major fact related to all the issues encountered by NBN and thereby will aim to highlight upon the issues that can help them in future sustainability Alternative solution will also be provided in order to deal with the existing issue and ensure there is no disadvantage associated with current business model. Alternative solution will also help to provide proper documentation to deal with the existing issue. Appropriate planning is also necessary as a part of the recommendations that are provided as a part of the case study. Findings The section of the case study will focus upon the issues faced by NBN, which will be supported by facts and statistics. It is also important to identify the underlying cause for the issue, which will help in the matter of implementing relevant solutions. One of the most common issues that are encountered in the management of NBN is due to low Internet bandwidth speed in many areas. This is a major challenge during the peak hours of a day, when all type of domestic and commercial activities are going at full speed. This is not only compromising up on the reputation of NBN, but also hampering the technological infrastructure in many parts of Australia. Nearby it is not possible for the people to get the advantage of high speed Internet service. As per the report of the statistics it is clear that 71% of the users associated with the service of NBN has encountered issues due to low Internet speed during peak hours. 28% of the users have also encountered total blackout. Most of the cases of Internet blackout or low bandwidth speed are reported during 10-12 hours and 14 to 16 hours (Katz 2012). It is important to mention that one of the major cause of the issue is due to the fact that it is not possible for NBN to deal with all types of i nfrastructural issues. NBN is dependent upon local retail service provider in order to develop upon the infrastructure in every local areas of Australia. The findings of the recent reports suggest that the business partnership model of NBN with small scale retail service providers has failed. This is mainly due to the fact that it is not possible for the small scale retail organisation to bear the high cost that is involved in the process of setting up infrastructure for high speed wireless Internet communication (Li 2012). Hence, in most of the cases the national broadband network has not been able to provide the proper funding that is necessary to setup the infrastructure for high Internet speed. Additional to all as far as the latest report the authority of national broadband network is not understanding the significance of the problem and thereby putting the blame for the issue on government organisation. One of the major organisational aims of NBN is to become financially independent and pay back all the dues paid by the government. Nevertheless, the basic principles that have been implemented by the organisation in deciding upon their pricing strategy have got their own loopholes. Hence, it is not possible for the organisation to collect enough revenue from the public. One of the major complaint raised by the organisation in the context is about the fact that the retail Internet providers are not buying enough Internet service from NBN. As the bandwidth service remain unsold, most of the servers are not operated by NBN, thereby resulting in slow speed of Internet (Nansen et al. 2013). One of the major fault of the government in this case is that they failed to provide the social value the high speed Internet project that have been initiated by the authorities at National broadband network. The social value need to be implemented with the help of reducing the complexity in the pricing model. There have been an increased number of cases of blame game among the Telecom industries, which is not able to focus upon the Ultimate cause of infrastructural issues. Acting as one of the wholesale distributor of Internet bandwidth, NBN charges a certain fee the installation of ISPs, which is dependent upon the speed of the bandwidth or the volume of Internet that will be consumed by the user. This fee is called the Connectivity Virtual Charge. Nevertheless the main issue in this context is due to the fact that the government is charging a high amount of tax of 7.30 dollar per month as a service for end users. Hence, most of the Australian consumers are facing issues due to high level of pricing charged for accessing high speed Internet service (Falch and Henten 2010). It is also believe that the issue of low Internet speed is also compromising up on some of the national social service like education and Healthcare. Hence, it is not possible to provide effective social service to the Australian consumers due to poor infrastructural condition. One of the issues that are believed to be responsible for infrastructure in pricing model of NBN is due to the initial failure of implementing business partnership theory. One of the bases of business model of NBN is dependent upon partnership that is formed with local retail Internet provider. However, the economics of the business of Indian is dependent upon the wholesale business model. Hence, it is not possible for the organisation to create retail business demand. The pricing model that have been introduced by the organisation have not initially analysed all the external threat. In a given context it is important to mention about porter's five forces, which is believed to be one of the effective marketing tool to identify all kinds of external threat in a business environment. In spite of high demand of high speed Internet service, there is high level of threat from external supplier. NBN is highly dependent upon supply of fibre material from external business partners. The threat in this context is due to the fact that in the current scenario the organisation is only dependent upon few numbers of suppliers and thereby often has to pay high price. Moreover, there is the threat of new alternatives that can provide high Internet speed from that of the fibre cables. There are also new small scales Enterprise, who are setting up business to make use of the available opportunity in the Telecommunication industry. With the entry of new business organisation, who is offering high speed Internet service at much lower cost, NBN is also facing the threat from high pow er from the customer, as they have the option of purchasing Internet service at much lower price. The tax level of the small scale Internet provider is mast were compared to that of the Internet service of national broadband network, which is lower almost at the rate of 50%. Discussion From the previous section it is clear that one of the major issues encountered by the national broadband network is it due to poor level of funding in setting up of basic technological infrastructure needed for high Internet speed. Organisation also failed to identify all the external threats that are associated with in the telecommunication industry. This is mostly due to the fact that the company has not been able to generate retail demand and neutralize the threat of alternative service. Due to all the issues and basic infrastructure level, it is not possible for the national broadband network to provide proper solution for the low Internet speed and blackout that are encountered in the middle of the peak hours. One of the effective ways to deal with the issue of Internet service provider is develop effective business partnership network with various industrial sectors in a technological domain. According to Given (2010), one of the major reason for success for the modern digital Revolution is due to the fact that most of the large scale electronic band are able to develop effective business partnership model. One of the suitable solutions for the national broadband network in this context is to develop effective business partnership model (Cradduck 2011). This can help the organisation to get proper supply of raw materials that is needed to develop technical infrastructure and provide high speed Internet network in all parts of Australia. As mentioned in the previous section, the Internet service of national broadband network is dependent upon fibre cable and wireless Technology. It is important for the organisation to get proper supply of electronic parts and circuit that is needed to set up the Internet servers. Hence, Outsourcing of business service can be one of the proper solutions for National broadband network to deal with the existing issue of Internet blackout and low speed. One of the major business advantages that the company can enjoy with outsourcing is the ability to improve upon the networking capability. They can also hire business ideas from large scale organisation like Cisco. Hence, it is possible for them to get the infrastructure and roadmap to implement safety in the networking business and provide secure intelligent information for all domestic and commercial uses in Australia (Alizadehand Farid 2017). They can also hire the Cloud Service network from large-scale organisation, which is believed to be one of the effective ways to improve the technological infrastructure of Internet bandwidth. In Spite of the business plan of NBN to local retail business partnership with local retail Internet providers; it was not possible for the organisation to increase the demand from the retail section. With implementation of outsourcing business model it is possible for the organisation to develop business partnership with all small scale service providers and thereby able to successfully reach out to all types of stakeholders and meet up with the demand. It is also possible for the organisation to hire technical experts from third party agents, which is also believed to be one of the major advantages of business outsourcing. On the other hand as mentioned by Nansen et al. (2013), one of the major disadvantages of outsourcing business for networking industry is due to the Complex level of policies that need to be implemented for smooth functioning of business operation. There is also high risk involved in the matter of security, where sensitive are classified information can get leak out due to increasing trends of Cyber criminals. The customers can also face issue due to authentication, as in many cases NBN has to hire Internet service from other business network. Additional it is also relevant to mention that without proper business set up, it is not possible to coordinate business partnership. However, with effective business partnership and networking it is possible for the organisation to establish open network. This is believed to be one of the effective way to implement flexibility and provide adaptive solution to all forms of networking issue that are encountered in the modern day digital world (Wilken,et al. 2013). With the help of open network it is also possible for the organisation to provide more option to the customers and thereby ensure that they are able to meet up with the growing demand of the industry. The implementation of latest innovation can be encompassed with the open network, which will enhance the overall supply chain. One of the major issues that have been encountered by the national broadband network is due to the fact that they have not been able to implement effective pricing strategy in their Service Delivery model. Hence, organisation can use the theory of marketing mix that is believed to be useful in deciding upon the pricing strategy. One of the major advantages of implementing effective pricing strategy is due to the fact that it is possible to collect important information from the networking business market (Diaset al. 2014). As mentioned previously one of the major issue encountered in the national broadband network is due to the high cost of Internet service it is mainly due to excess level of tax imposed by the Australian government. With effective pricing strategy it is possible to analyse the external business environment in the networking industry and thereby able to understand the taxation policy that are imposed by the government in the respective areas. It is often believed tha t pricing strategy is one of the crucial factors that help to influence upon the customer decision making process (Valle de Souzaet al. 2016). With the demand of Internet service going high in the current age of digitisation there are a lot of Internet service providers entering the market with and offering low cost service. The additional unique features are always welcome by the customers, which can help them to enjoy better Digital Service in personal and professional aspects. Pricing strategy is also affected due to the fact that this one of the key element of marketing mix and thereby help to provide a better market position of the brand in the respective industry (Tiwariet al. 2016). It is often believed that service providers, who are able to provide the best cost effective network to the customer, are able to capture majority of the market share. This in turn helps to provide better brand image of the organisation. The leading brand in the respective industry has a major role to play in deciding upon the pricing strategy that is implemented. In other words, it is possible for the national broadband network to play an important part and deciding upon the cost of Internet service in Australia as they are one of the biggest public sector organisations, who are providing up with modern Internet service. On the other hand, one of the major negative aspects of low pricing strategy is due to the fact that there is high risk of lowering of the service quality (Wilson 2014). In many cases it has been seen that large scale business organisation in order to control the market share lower the price of service by compromising upon the overall quality of service or product. In the given context of networking industry, where there is high level of threat from business rivalry, companies do have taken the risk of lowering the price which will help them to better sustain in the networking domain. Hence, the pricing strategy is believed to be effective in dealing with all major challenges encountered by the national broadband network in the current context of Internet service providing industry of Australia. Conclusion From the above case study it can be concluded that the national broadband network is currently one of the major Internet service provider in Australia, who have been able to succeed in the respective domain due to the application of latest form of Technology in the form of fibre wire and wireless communication. One of the major reasons for rising popularity of the high speed Internet service by NBN is due to the fact that they are able to deliver wholesale Internet communication service, which is usually achieved through business partnership with small scale Retail Industry. The small scale Retail organisations are responsible for providing better quality of Internet service to all domestic and commercial uses in Australia. However, in the recent days one of the major issues encountered by the Internet service of national broadband network is due to the fact that they are not able to provide uninterrupted high speed Internet service. This is mostly due to the Internet blackout issues encountered in various places during the peak hour of the day. Failing to implement proper technological infrastructure at the initial period in many remote places due to lack of government funding is believed to be the root cause of this technical issue. Moreover, in spite of the business model of partnership it was not possible for the company to generate proper retail demand for Internet service, which resulted in lack of revenue income. The government is also responsible for the existing issue due to the fact that it has not been able to promote the social value that is needed to improve upon the technological infrastructure of the Australian society and provide uninterrupted high speed broadband service. One of the major possible solutions for the existing issue that has been mentioned in the case study is to outsource business resource in the form of advanced telecommunication network. This is believed to help the organization to lower the price of Internet service is there possible to outsource essential networking resource at much lower cost from third party agents. This can also encourage time to implement the solution of open network, which will provide the opportunity to the users to get the access of high speed Internet service. Nevertheless, it is important for the company to deal with Complex level of policy that is usually involved in matter related to Outsourcing business resources. Another major solution that can be implemented is related with the pricing strategy. Here, it is essential for the organisation to collect necessary information from the external business environment and thereby able to implement proper solution to reduce the cost of high speed Internet service. However, it is essential to ensure that the quality of the service is not compromised while focusing upon low cost Internet service. Recommendation It is highly recommended for the national broadband network to follow and implement the policy of Outsourcing business service. As during the initial period the organisation has aimed provide networking service to the public in the form of retail sector, hence forth by implementing the policy of outsourcing business it is possible to increase the demand of retail unit. As the demand of the retail sector of high speed Internet service will increase, it will be possible for the organisation to generate more revenue and thereby improve upon the existing technological infrastructure. It will be there for possible for National broadband network to reduce the cost of high speed Internet service, which is one of the major existing issues. It is also believe that the issue of Internet blackout is mainly due to the fact that NBN has not been able to properly utilise all the existing service that is needed for wireless telecommunication network. With more revenue generation it is possible to update the existing networking server and thereby improve upon the bandwidth. This will minimise the chance of any form of interruption that is currently causing all forms of issues of internet. It is also possible with the help of business Outsourcing to improve upon the human resource policy associated with the service of the networking business. Moreover, business partnership with large scale organisation like Cisco can help the national broadband network to hire advanced form of Internet server that in turn can help to develop the business model of the existing networking chain. As mentioned by Gunaratne et al. (2015), one of the crucial success factor of all networking business is to have advanced level of supply chain. With the help of business Outsourcing responsible for the national broadband network to improve upon their existing supply chain process. Hence, it is highly recommended for the national broadband network the properly implement upon the policy of business outsourcing. Additionally, it is also necessary to ensure that no unethical policies are being adopted in order to set up business partnership with third party agents. It is also possible to ensure that all legal policies related to business partnership and outsourcing are being followed to ensure organisational adaptation of national broadband network. Reference: Alizadeh, T. and Farid, R., 2017. Political economy of telecommunication infrastructure: An investigation of the National Broadband Network early rollout and pork barrel politics in Australia. Telecommunications Policy, 41(4), pp.242-252. Alizadeh, T., 2013. Towards the socio-economic patterns of the national broadband network rollout in Australia. State of Australian Cities, Sydney. Accessed December, 31. Cradduck, L.M., 2011. The future of the Internet Economy: Addressing challenges facing the implementation of the Australian National Broadband Network (Doctoral dissertation, Queensland University of Technology). Dias, M.P., Arnold, M., Gibbs, M., Nansen, B. and Wilken, R., 2014. Asynchronous Speeds: Disentangling the Discourse of High-Speed Broadbandin Relation to Australia's National Broadband Network. Media International Australia, 151(1), pp.117-126. Falch, M. and Henten, A., 2010. Public private partnerships as a tool for stimulating investments in broadband. Telecommunications Policy, 34(9), pp.496-504. Given, J., 2010. Take your partners: Public private interplay in Australian and New Zealand plans for next generation broadband. Telecommunications Policy, 34(9), pp.540-549. Gunaratne, R.L., Ilavarasan P, V., Fernando, S. and Rohman, I.K., 2015. National Broadband Networks of Malaysia, India, Indonesia and Australia: A Comparative Study. Competition and Regulation in Network Industries, 16(1), pp.23-46. Katz, R., 2012. The impact of broadband on the economy: Research to date and policy issues. Broadband Series. Li, G., 2012. The return of public investment in telecommunications: Assessing the early challenges of the national broadband network policy in Australia. Computer Law Security Review, 28(2), pp.220-230. Nansen, B., Arnold, M., Wilken, R. and Gibbs, M., 2013. Broadbanding Brunswick: High-speed Broadband and Household Media Ecologies: A Report on the Household Take-up and Adoption of the National Broadband Network in a First Release Site. Nansen, B., Arnold, M., Wilken, R. and Gibbs, M., 2013. Broadbanding Brunswick: High-speed Broadband and Household Media Ecologies: A Report on the Household Take-up and Adoption of the National Broadband Network in a First Release Site. Tiwari, S., Lane, M. and Alam, K., 2016. The challenges and opportunities of delivering wireless high speed broadband services in Rural and Remote Australia: A Case Study of Western Downs Region (WDR). arXiv preprint arXiv:1606.03513. Valle de Souza, S., Dollery, B. and Kortt, M.A., 2016. Counting the cost: A critical evaluation of the Australian National Broadband Network roll-out under the Rudd/Gillard governments. International Journal of Public Administration, pp.1-8. Wilken, R., Nansen, B., Arnold, M., Kennedy, J. and Gibbs, M., 2013. National, local and household media ecologies: The case of Australia's National Broadband Network. Communication, Politics Culture, 46(2), p.136. Wilson, N., 2014. Australia's National Broadband NetworkA cybersecure critical infrastructure?.Computer Law Security Review, 30(6), pp.699-709.